Castor canadensis
The North American beaver is the continent's most important wetland engineer, felling trees and building dams that create ponds and meadows used by countless other species. Trapping had removed beavers from much of their range by 1900; protection and reintroductions have restored them across most of their historic range. Their ponds slow floods, filter water, and raise water tables, and conservation programs now move beavers to degraded streams deliberately.